Nipple soreness in the first weeks after birth is one of the most common reasons new moms consider stopping breastfeeding. The good news is that most causes of nipple pain are treatable, and with the right support, many moms go on to have a comfortable and successful breastfeeding experience. This guide covers what causes nipple pain, how to find relief, and when to reach out for help.
Is Nipple Pain Normal?
Nipple tenderness in the first few weeks postpartum normal as you and your baby learn to breastfeed together. However, pain during feeding at the breast or pumping is not normal and is usually a sign that something needs to be adjusted. Working through pain without addressing the cause can lead to damage that can make breastfeeding harder and leave your discouraged. The key is knowing what to look for and having the right support when you need it most.
Start with the Latch
The most common cause of nipple pain is a poor latch. When your baby is not latching correctly, they may be compressing the nipple rather than drawing in enough breast tissue, which causes friction and soreness with every feeding.
A few things that can help:
- Try the laid-back breastfeeding position. Reclining slightly and letting your baby rest against your chest can encourage a deeper, more natural latch.
- Wait for a wide-open mouth. Bring your baby to the breast with their chin first, make sure they are calm, alert, and open their mouth wide.
- Aim your nipple toward the roof of the mouth. This encourages your baby to take in more breast tissue from the start.
If latch issues persist, reaching out to an International Board-Certified Lactation Consultant (IBCLC) is one of the most effective steps you can take. In the meantime, using a hospital-grade breast pump can help you maintain your milk supply while you work on positioning. You can connect with a Storkpump IBCLC at askanIBCLC@storkpump.com.
Check Your Flange Fit
If pumping is part of your routine and you are experiencing nipple pain, your flange size may be the culprit. The flange is the cone-shaped piece that fits over your nipple, and an incorrect size can cause rubbing, soreness, and reduced milk output.
Flange sizing is based on nipple diameter, not breast size. A good fit means your nipple moves freely in the tunnel without excess areola being pulled in. The Storkpump Flange Sizing Guide can help you find the right measurement before your next pumping session.
Adjust Your Pump Settings
A higher vacuum setting does not mean more milk. In fact, pumping at too high a suction level is a common and easily overlooked source of nipple pain. Most electric breast pumps offer multiple vacuum levels, and many moms find that a lower, more comfortable setting produces better results. Start low and increase only to the point where milk flows well without discomfort.
Soothe and Heal Between Feedings
- Once you have addressed the root cause, giving your nipples time to heal is the next step. A few evidence-based approaches that can help:
- Apply your own breast milk after feeding. Breast milk has natural antibacterial properties that make it an effective and convenient option for soothing irritated skin. Express a small amount after each feeding and let it air dry on the nipple.
- Use a hydrogel pad for added relief. Research suggests that combining breast milk with a cool hydrogel pad can provide additional comfort and may help reduce the risk of infection.
- Keep the nipples clean and dry. Change breast pads frequently and wash with a gentle, non-antibacterial soap to support healing and prevent infection.
- Consider lanolin or other nipple creams. Many moms find that a safe, lanolin-based nipple cream applied after feeding helps prevent cracking and keeps skin moisturized between sessions.
When to Contact Your Doctor
While early soreness is common, certain symptoms go beyond normal tenderness and need medical attention. Contact your healthcare provider if you notice any of the following:
- Pain that persists beyond the first few weeks or does not improve with latch adjustments
- Itchy, scaly, or shiny nipple skin
- Bright red areas on the breast
- Cuts, cracks, or open sores on the nipple
- Flu-like symptoms lasting more than 24 hours
Cracks or open sores on the nipple can increase the risk of infectious mastitis, a breast tissue infection that requires prompt treatment. Early intervention makes a real difference, don’t to reach out if you’re not getting better.
FAQ: Nipple Pain and Breastfeeding
How long does nipple pain typically last for new moms?
Mild tenderness during the first 1 to 2 weeks is common as your body adjusts. Pain that persists beyond that or that occurs throughout an entire feeding is usually a sign of a latch issue, flange fit problem, or another underlying cause that is worth addressing with an International Board Certified Lacation Consultant (IBCLC).
Can I keep breastfeeding if my nipples are cracked or bleeding?
In most cases, yes, though it is important to treat the damage and address the root cause as soon as possible. Your milk remains safe for your baby even if there is a small amount of blood. If the pain is severe, pumping temporarily while your nipples heal is a reasonable option.
What is the difference between nipple pain and thrush?
Thrush is a yeast infection that can affect the nipples and presents as a burning or shooting pain during and after feedings, along with itchy or shiny nipple skin. If your pain does not improve with latch corrections and persists between feedings, thrush may be worth discussing with your doctor.
Can pumping cause nipple damage even with a correctly sized flange?
Yes, if the vacuum setting is too high or sessions are too long. Always start at a low suction level and increase gradually. If you notice redness, swelling, or blanching of the nipple after pumping, that is a sign your settings or fit need adjustment.
You Do Not Have to Navigate This Alone
Nipple pain is one of the most common breastfeeding challenges, but it is also one of the most solvable. Small adjustments to latch, pump settings, or flange size can make a significant difference, and professional support is always available when you need it. If you are struggling, reach out to a Storkpump IBCLC at askanIBCLC@storkpump.com. Our lactation consultants are here to help you work through challenges and feel confident in your feeding journey.
For more breastfeeding resources, including guidance on pump selection, flange sizing, and returning to work, visit our Learning Center.
Sources
Bourdillon, K. (2021). Antimicrobial properties of a nipple care hydrogel pad: A useful tool in preventing infection? Pediatrics, 147(3). https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.147.3ma3.311a
Berens, P., Eglash, A., Malloy, M., & Steube, A. M. (2016). ABM Clinical Protocol #26: Persistent pain with breastfeeding. Breastfeeding Medicine, 11(2), 46-53. https://doi.org/10.1089/bfm.2016.29002.pjb
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